During the period of high runoff, most rivers exhibit their most favourable chemical water characteristics. This study examined the seasonal quality variations in surface water bodies in Enugu urban area (dry and rainy season). Water sample was collected from two locations along each of the six rivers for onward laboratory tests and analysis. This test was collected during rainy (June) and dry season (December) 2016 respectively. Samples for DO and BOD were collected in special air tight 60ml BOD glass bottle to prevent loss or gain of oxygen. Some test of samples were done in-situ (temperature, conductivity, pH and total dissolved solid) while others were tested within 24 - 48 hours. The experimental test was carried out in all the eighteen parameters and laboratory tests yielded the data set for the experimental test. Independent Samples T-Test result shows that Storm water runoff from urban areas (point and non-point source) contains a variety of pollutants and carries a large pollutant load, so it greatly influences the receiving water quality. High pollutant loads were observed during rainy season than dry season. Since the significant value of the t - statistic is less than 0.05 level of significance for at least one of the parameters tested, the null hypothesis were rejected and the alternative accepted. It has been concluded that the physical, chemical and microbiological parameter of the basin as well as geographical dispositions, combined with anthropogenic factors are strong causative factors of runoff which causes pollution in surface water quality in the study area. The inhabitants should be educated on the dangers of drinking microbial contaminated water. There is need for protection of surface water bodies in Enugu State and Nigeria at large as millions of populace rely on it for daily water supply.
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